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Mahatma Gandhi and the Non-Cooperation Movement
Gandhi's first nationwide campaign turned Indian nationalism from an elite pursuit into a mass movement — until one violent incident brought it to an abrupt halt.
Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose and the INA
Subhas Chandra Bose sought Axis support to build an army against British rule — and died, by the best-supported account, in circumstances still debated today.
The Arrival of the East India Company
A London trading company chartered for pepper and cloth ended up ruling a subcontinent — a shift historians trace to a rigged battle in Bengal and the famine that followed.
The Quit India Movement
With its leaders jailed within hours of the resolution, the Quit India Movement of 1942 was carried on largely without them — by students, workers, and ordinary Indians.
The Revolt of 1857
A rebellion that began over greased rifle cartridges grew into the gravest challenge British rule had yet faced in India — and ended East India Company rule for good.
The Rise of the Indian National Congress
From a single meeting of 72 delegates in a Bombay college hall, the Congress grew, through a bitter split and back, into the institution that would lead India's freedom struggle.
The Salt March (Dandi)
A 24-day walk to a Gujarat beach, over a tax on salt, became one of the most effective demonstrations of organized nonviolent resistance of the twentieth century.